Levee: A Blockchain Sharding System Capable of Tolerating Faulty Shards

doi:10.1109/TC.2025.3626232

CSpace

	Levee: A Blockchain Sharding System Capable of Tolerating Faulty Shards
	Wang, Xin 1,2; Liu, Yanxiu 1,2; Jia, Linpeng 1; Sun, Yi 1,2
	2026-02-01
发表期刊	IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS
ISSN	0018-9340
卷号	75 期号:2 页码:477-490
摘要	Sharding is a promising solution to enhance blockchain scalability. While deploying more shards of smaller sizes for a given network scale can significantly boost performance, it also heightens the risk of shard failures. In many existing sharding systems, the failure of a single shard can compromise the entire system. Therefore, to ensure safety, current systems often require each shard to contain hundreds of consensus nodes to prevent crashes, adversely affecting scalability. In this paper, we propose Levee, a blockchain sharding system capable of tolerating shard failures. When a shard malfunctions, Levee can swiftly detect, isolate, and autonomously recover the faulty shard, allowing other shards to operate without interruption. This fault-tolerance feature enables Levee to reduce shard sizes by 73.7% and increase the number of shards by 3.25 times, all without sacrificing security. When tested in a scenario with 7000 nodes, Levee demonstrated a 14.34 times increase in throughput and a 65% decrease in transaction latency compared to traditional non-fault-tolerant sharding systems.
关键词	Security Levee Fault tolerant systems Fault tolerance Scalability Consensus algorithm Throughput Safety Blockchain sharding shard failure fault tolerance shard failure fault tolerance
DOI	10.1109/TC.2025.3626232
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
WOS研究方向	Computer Science ; Engineering
WOS类目	Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture ; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
WOS记录号	WOS:001662961200002
出版者	IEEE COMPUTER SOC
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.204/handle/2XEOYT63/42870
专题	中国科学院计算技术研究所
通讯作者	Jia, Linpeng
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Comp Technol, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China 2.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Comp Sci & Technol, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang, Xin,Liu, Yanxiu,Jia, Linpeng,et al. Levee: A Blockchain Sharding System Capable of Tolerating Faulty Shards[J]. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS,2026,75(2):477-490.
APA	Wang, Xin,Liu, Yanxiu,Jia, Linpeng,&Sun, Yi.(2026).Levee: A Blockchain Sharding System Capable of Tolerating Faulty Shards.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS,75(2),477-490.
MLA	Wang, Xin,et al."Levee: A Blockchain Sharding System Capable of Tolerating Faulty Shards".IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 75.2(2026):477-490.